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<title><idno type="filename">CGRN 248</idno>: <rs type="textType" key="priestly contract">Contract</rs> of sale for the priesthood of the Roman people and Rome at Miletos </title>
<author>Julien Dechevez</author>
<author>Elie Piette</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>Collection of Greek Ritual Norms, Collège de France - University of Liège.</authority>
<availability>
<p>Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike International License <ref target="http://creativecommons.org/" type="external">4.0</ref>.</p><p>All citation, reuse or distribution of this work must contain somewhere a link back to the DOI (<idno type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.54510/CGRN248</idno>), as well as the year of consultation (see “Home” for details on how to cite or click “Export Citation” to create a reference for this specific file).</p></availability> </publicationStmt>
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<support>
<p>Two fragments of a marble <rs type="objectType" key="block">block</rs>, representing two sides of an anta-block from a temple. The inscribed surfaces of each side are essentially intact and the text must have continued on another anta-block below (see Rehm for more details and the Commentary below).</p>
<p><dimensions>
<height unit="cm">110</height>
<width unit="cm">53</width>
<depth unit="cm">66</depth>
</dimensions></p>
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<layout>
<p>Well-cut letters with careful ornamental handwriting, which were highlighted with red paint to increase legibility. Rehm (p. 22) distinguishes at least two hands, one on each fragment or side.</p>
<p>Letters in A: <height unit="cm">0.22</height></p>
<p>Letters in B: <height unit="cm">0.2</height></p>
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<history>
<origin>
<p><origDate notBefore="-0129" notAfter="-0125">ca. 129 BC or shortly after</origDate>
</p>
<p><desc>Justification: the inscription is dated to the time of the priesthood of Kratinos, as stated in fragment A, line 10; this Milesian eponym is not certainly dated, but from the context of the inscription should belong to this specific period of time (Rehm argued for 130 BC or shortly after; the eponym Κρατῖνος Διονυσίου is also known from <bibl type="abbr" n="Milet I.3">Milet I.3</bibl> 48; see Commentary below).</desc></p>
</origin>
<provenance>
<p><placeName type="ancientFindspot" key="Miletos" n="Asia_Minor_and_Anatolia"><ref target="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599799" type="external">Miletos</ref>. The stone was found in 1909 in the excavation of Justinian's wall in Miletos; now in the Museum of Miletos (inv. no. 1250a-b).</placeName> </p>
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<langUsage>
<language ident="eng">English</language>
<language ident="grc">Ancient Greek</language>
<language ident="lat">Latin</language>
<language ident="fre">French</language>
<language ident="ger">German</language>
<language ident="gre">Modern Greek</language>
<language ident="ita">Italian</language>
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<revisionDesc>
<change>Revised by XX in 20XX.</change>
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<text>
<body>
<div type="bibliography">
<head>Bibliography</head>
<p>Edition here based on Rehm <bibl type="abbr" n="Milet I.7">Milet I.7</bibl> 203.</p>
<p>Cf. also: <bibl type="abbr" n="LSAM">LSAM</bibl> 49; Herrmann <bibl type="abbr" n="Milet VI.1">Milet VI.1</bibl> p. 199-200.</p>
<p>Further bibliography:
<bibl type="author_date" n="Pouilloux 1954">Pouilloux 1954</bibl>;
<bibl type="author_date" n="Samuel 1972">Samuel 1972</bibl>;
<bibl type="author_date" n="Fayer 1976">Fayer 1976</bibl>: 47-49;
<bibl type="author_date" n="Mellor 1976">Mellor 1976</bibl>;
<bibl type="author_date" n="Trümpy 1997">Trümpy 1997</bibl>: 89-94;
<bibl type="author_date" n="Beard - North - Price 1998">Beard - North - Price 1998</bibl>: I 158-159 and II 246-247;
<bibl type="author_date" n="Dignas 2007">Dignas 2007</bibl>: 185.
</p>
</div>
<div type="edition">
<head>Text</head>
<ab subtype="Fragment" n="A">Fragment A
<lb xml:id="line_A1" n="A1"/><name type="epithet" key="Agathe"><w lemma="ἀγαθός">ἀγαθῇ</w></name> <name type="deity" key="Tyche"><w lemma="τύχη">τύχῃ</w></name>· ὁ <w lemma="πρίαμαι">πριάμενος</w> τὴν
<lb xml:id="line_A2" n="A2"/><name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερωσύνη">ἱερωσύνην</w></name> τοῦ <name type="deity" key="Demos"><w lemma="δῆμος">Δήμου</w></name> τοῦ <name type="ethnic" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥω
<lb xml:id="line_A3" n="A3" break="no"/>μαίων</w></name> καὶ τῆς <name type="deity" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥώμη">Ῥώμης</w></name> <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς">ἱέρεω</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_A4" n="A4"/> <w lemma="ἀπογράφω">ἀπογράψει</w> <w lemma="παραχρῆμα">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="πρός">πρὸς</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A5" n="A5"/> τοὺς <name type="title"><w lemma="ταμίας">ταμίας</w></name> καὶ <name type="title"><w lemma="βασιλεύς">βασιλεῖς</w></name> <w lemma="ἀνήρ">ἄν
<lb xml:id="line_A6" n="A6" break="no"/>δρα</w> <w lemma="μή">μὴ</w> <w lemma="νέος">νεώτερον</w> <w lemma="ἔτος">ἐτῶν</w> <w lemma="εἴκοσι">εἴκοσι</w>·
<lb xml:id="line_A7" n="A7"/> ὁ δὲ <w lemma="ἀπογράφω">ἀπογραφεὶς</w> <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱεράομαι">ἱερήσεται</w></name> <w lemma="ἔτος">ἔτη</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A8" n="A8"/> <w lemma="τρεῖς">τρία</w> καὶ <w lemma="μείς">μῆνας</w> <w lemma="ὀκτώ">ὀκτὼ</w> <w lemma="ἄρχω">ἄρχοντος</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A9" n="A9"/> <w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w> <name type="month"><w lemma="Μεταγειτνιών">Μεταγειτνιῶνος</w></name> τοῦ <w lemma="ἐπί">ἐπὶ</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A10" n="A10"/> <name type="title"><w lemma="στεφανήφορος">στεφανηφόρου</w></name> Κρατίνου <w lemma="ἤ">ἢ</w> <w lemma="ἄλλος">ἄλλον</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A11" n="A11"/> <w lemma="παρέχω">παρέξεται</w> τὸν <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱεράομαι">ἱερησόμενον</w></name> <w lemma="ἀντί">ἀν
<lb xml:id="line_A12" n="A12" break="no"/>θ’</w> <w lemma="ἑαυτοῦ">ἑαυτοῦ</w> <w lemma="κατά">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="αὐτός">ταὐτά</w>, <w lemma="τελέω">τελεσθεὶς</w> <name type="deity" key="Zeus"><w lemma="Ζεύς">Διὶ</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_A13" n="A13"/> <name type="epithet" key="Telesiourgos"><w lemma="τελεσιουργός">Τελεσιουργῷ</w></name> καὶ <w lemma="λαμβάνω">λήψεται</w> <w lemma="παρά">παρὰ</w> τοῦ
<lb xml:id="line_A14" n="A14"/> <name type="title"><w lemma="τάμιας">ταμίου</w></name> <w lemma="ἔτος">ἔτους</w> <w lemma="ἕκαστος">ἑκάστου</w> τοῦ <w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A15" n="A15"/> τοῦ <name type="month"><w lemma="Ταυρεών">Ταυρεῶνος</w></name> τῆι <w lemma="νουμηνία">νουμηνίᾳ</w> <w lemma="δραχμή">δρα
<lb xml:id="line_A16" n="A16" break="no"/>χμὰς</w> <w lemma="ἑξακόσιοι">ἑξακοσίας</w> καὶ <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θύσει</w></name> τῷ <name type="deity" key="Demos"><w lemma="δῆμος">δή
<lb xml:id="line_A17" n="A17" break="no"/>μῳ</w></name> τῶ<supplied reason="omitted">ι</supplied> <name type="ethnic" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥωμαίων</w></name> καὶ τῆι <name type="deity" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥώμη">Ῥώμῃ</w></name> τῇ μὲν
<lb xml:id="line_A18" n="A18"/> <w lemma="νουμηνία">νουμηνίᾳ</w> τοῦ <name type="month"><w lemma="Ταυρεών">Ταυρεῶνος</w></name> <w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A19" n="A19"/> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερεῖον</w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος">τέλειον</w></name>, τῇ δὲ <w lemma="ἑνδέκατος">ἑνδεκάτηι</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A20" n="A20"/> τοῦ <w lemma="αὐτός">αὐτοῦ</w> <name type="month"><w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w></name> <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θυέτωσαν</w></name> οἱ <w lemma="εἴσειμι">εἰ
<lb xml:id="line_A21" n="A21" break="no"/>σιόντες</w> <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> τὴν <w lemma="ἀρχή">ἀρχὴν</w> <name type="title"><w lemma="γυμνασίαρχος">γυμνασί
<lb xml:id="line_A22" n="A22" break="no"/>αρχοι</w></name> <w lemma="μετά">μετὰ</w> τῶν <name type="group"><w lemma="ἔφηβος">ἐφήβων</w></name> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερεῖον</w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος">τέ
<lb xml:id="line_A23" n="A23" break="no"/>λειον</w></name> τῶι <name type="deity"><w lemma="δῆμος">Δήμωι</w></name> τῶι <name type="ethnic" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥωμαίων</w></name> καὶ
<lb xml:id="line_A24" n="A24"/> τῇ <name type="deity" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥώμη">Ῥώμῃ</w></name>· <w lemma="ὅμοιος">ὁμοίως</w> δὲ καὶ οἱ <w lemma="ἔξειμι">ἐξιόντες</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A25" n="A25"/> <name type="title"><w lemma="γυμνασίαρχος"><supplied reason="lost">γ</supplied><unclear>υ</unclear>μνασίαρχοι</w></name> <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θυέτωσαν</w></name> <w lemma="μετά">μετὰ</w>
<lb xml:id="line_A26" n="A26"/> <supplied reason="lost">τῶ</supplied>ν <w lemma="ἑαυτοῦ">ἑαυτῶν</w> <name type="group"><w lemma="ἐξέφηβος">ἐξεφήβων</w></name> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερεῖον</w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος"><supplied reason="lost">τέ</supplied>
<lb xml:id="line_A27" n="A27" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">λει</supplied><unclear>ο</unclear>ν</w></name> καὶ <w lemma="δίδωμι">διδότωσαν</w> <w lemma="ἑκάτερος">ἑκάτερ<supplied reason="lost">οι</supplied></w> <supplied reason="lost">τῷ</supplied>
<lb xml:id="line_A28" n="A28"/> <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς"><supplied reason="lost">ἱερεῖ</supplied></w></name> <unclear>τ</unclear>ὰ <name type="portion"><w lemma="γέρας">γέρη<surplus>ι</surplus></w></name> τὰ <name type="authority"><w lemma="γράφω">γεγραμ<unclear>μ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ένα</supplied></w></name> <gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="6"/>
<lb/><gap reason="lost" unit="character" extent="unknown"/>
</ab>
<ab subtype="Fragment" n="B">Fragment B
<lb/><gap reason="lost" unit="character" extent="unknown"/>
<lb xml:id="line_B1" n="B1"/>καὶ <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ἄλλος">τἆλλα</w> <w lemma="ἄθλημα">ἀθλήματα</w> <w lemma="μερίζω">μερίζων</w> <w lemma="ἕκαστος">ἑκάσ
<lb xml:id="line_B2" n="B2" break="no"/>τοις</w> τὰ <w lemma="καθήκω">καθήκοντα</w> <w lemma="ἆθλον">ἆθλα</w> <w lemma="τίθημι">τιθεὶς</w> καὶ <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ἀνάθεσις">ἀ
<lb xml:id="line_B3" n="B3" break="no"/>νάθεσιν</w> <w lemma="ἆθλον">ἆθλα</w> <name type="genericOffering"><w lemma="ὅπλον">ὅπλα</w></name> <w lemma="πολεμιστήριος">πολεμιστήρια</w> <w lemma="μή">μὴ</w>
<lb xml:id="line_B4" n="B4"/> <w lemma="ἐλάσσων">ἐλάσ<supplied reason="omitted">σ</supplied>ω</w> <w lemma="τρεῖς">τριῶν</w> <w lemma="ἔχω">ἔχοντα</w> καὶ τὴν <w lemma="ἐπιγραφή">ἐπιγραφὴν</w>
<lb xml:id="line_B5" n="B5"/> τοῦ <w lemma="ἄθλημα">ἀθλήματος</w>, <w lemma="ποιέω">ποιούμενος</w> τὴν <w lemma="ἔνδοξος">ἐνδο
<lb xml:id="line_B6" n="B6" break="no"/>ξοτάτην</w> <w lemma="περί">περὶ</w> <w lemma="οὗτος">το<unclear>ύτων</unclear></w> <w lemma="σπουδή">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="ἀκόλουθος">ἀκολού
<lb xml:id="line_B7" n="B7" break="no"/>θως</w> τῇ τοῦ <name type="group"><w lemma="δῆμος">δήμ<unclear>ο</unclear><supplied reason="lost">υ</supplied></w></name> <w lemma="πρός"><supplied reason="lost">πρὸ</supplied>ς</w> τὸ <name type="deity" key="generic"><w lemma="θεῖος">θεῖον</w></name> <w lemma="εὐσέβεια">εὐσε
<lb xml:id="line_B8" n="B8" break="no"/>βείᾳ</w> καὶ τῇ <w lemma="πρός">πρὸς</w> <name type="ethnic" key="group"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥω<supplied reason="lost">μαίο</supplied><unclear>υ</unclear>ς</w></name> <w lemma="εὐχαριστία">εὐχ<unclear>α</unclear>ριστίᾳ</w>·
<lb xml:id="line_B9" n="B9"/> <w lemma="συνεπιμελέομαι">συνεπιμελεῖσθαι</w> <supplied reason="lost">δὲ</supplied> <w lemma="μετά"><supplied reason="lost">μετ</supplied>ὰ</w> τοῦ <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς">ἱέρεω<surplus>ι</surplus></w></name> καὶ
<lb xml:id="line_B10" n="B10"/> <w lemma="συνδιοικέω">συνδιοικεῖν</w> καὶ τοὺς <name type="title"><w lemma="γυμνασίαρχος">γυμνασιάρχους</w></name> τῶν
<lb xml:id="line_B11" n="B11"/> <w lemma="νέος">νέων</w> <w lemma="ὅπως">ὅπως</w> οἱ <w lemma="ἀγών">ἀγῶνες</w> <w lemma="ὡς">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ἐπιφανής">ἐπιφανέστα
<lb xml:id="line_B12" n="B12" break="no"/>τοι</w> <w lemma="γίγνομαι">γίνωνται</w>· τῇ δὲ <w lemma="ὄγδοος">ὀγδόῃ</w> <w lemma="ἄνω">ἀνομένου</w> τοῦ
<lb xml:id="line_B13" n="B13"/> <w lemma="αὐτός">αὐτοῦ</w> <name type="month"><w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w></name> <w lemma="τίθημι">τιθέτω</w> <w lemma="ἀγών">ἀγῶνα</w> <w lemma="ἐν">ἐν</w> τῇ <w lemma="παιδικός">παιδι
<lb xml:id="line_B14" n="B14" break="no"/>κῇ</w> <name type="structure"><w lemma="παλαίστρα">παλαίστρᾳ</w></name> <w lemma="λαμπάς">λανπάδος</w> τε καὶ τῶν <w lemma="ἄλλος">ἄλ
<lb xml:id="line_B15" n="B15" break="no"/>λων</w> <w lemma="ἄθλημα">ἀθλημάτων</w> τὴν <w lemma="πρέπω">πρέπουσαν</w> <w lemma="ποιέω">ποιού
<lb xml:id="line_B16" n="B16" break="no"/>μενος</w> <name type="title"><w lemma="ἀθλοθεσία">ἀθλοθεσίαν</w></name>· <w lemma="συνεπιμελέομαι">συνεπιμελεῖσθαι</w> δὲ
<lb xml:id="line_B17" n="B17"/> <w lemma="μετά">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="οὗτος">τούτου</w> καὶ <w lemma="συνδιοικέω">συνδιοικεῖν</w> τὸν <w lemma="ἀγών">ἀγῶνα</w>
<lb xml:id="line_B18" n="B18"/> τοὺς <name type="title"><w lemma="παιδονόμος">παιδονόμους</w></name>· τὴν δὲ τῶν <w lemma="ὅπλον">ὅπλων</w> <name type="genericOffering"><w lemma="ἀνάθεσις">ἀ
<lb xml:id="line_B19" n="B19" break="no"/>νάθεσιν</w></name> <w lemma="γίγνομαι">γείνεσθαι</w> τῶν <w lemma="τίθημι">τιθεμένων</w> <w lemma="ἐν">ἐν</w> τοῖς
<lb xml:id="line_B20" n="B20"/> <name type="festival"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥωμαίοις</w></name> <w lemma="κατά">κατὰ</w> μὲν τὸ <w lemma="πάρειμι">παρὸν</w> <w lemma="ἐν">ἐν</w> τῷ <name type="structure"><w lemma="γυμνάσιον">γυμνασ<unclear>ί</unclear>
<lb xml:id="line_B21" n="B21" break="no"/>ῳ</w></name> τῶν <w lemma="νέος">νέων</w> <w lemma="ἐπάν">ἐπὰν</w> δὲ <w lemma="συντελέω">συντελεσθῇ</w> τὸ <name type="structure"><w lemma="ἱερόν">ἱερὸν</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_B22" n="B22"/> τῆς <name type="deity" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥώμη">Ῥώμης</w></name>, <w lemma="ἐν">ἐν</w> τῶι <name type="structure"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥωμαίῳ</w></name>· <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θυέτω</w></name> δὲ καὶ ὁ <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς">ἱέ
<lb xml:id="line_B23" n="B23" break="no"/>ρεως</w></name> <w lemma="ἕκαστος">ἑκάστου</w> <name type="month"><w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w></name> τῇ <w lemma="νουμηνία">νουμηνίᾳ</w> τῷ <name type="deity" key="Demos"><w lemma="δῆμος">Δ<unclear>ή</unclear>
<lb xml:id="line_B24" n="B24" break="no"/>μῳ</w></name> τῷ <name type="ethnic" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥωμαίων</w></name> καὶ τῇ <name type="deity"><w lemma="Ῥώμη">Ῥώμῃ</w></name> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερῆον</w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος">τέ
<lb xml:id="line_B25" n="B25" break="no"/>λειον</w></name> <w lemma="λαμβάνω">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="παρά">παρὰ</w> τοῦ <w lemma="πρυτανεύω">πρυτανεύοντος</w>
<lb xml:id="line_B26" n="B26"/> <name type="title"><w lemma="ταμίας">ταμίου</w></name> <w lemma="εἰς">εἰς</w> τὴν <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θυσία">θυσίαν</w></name> <w lemma="δραχμή">δραχμὰς</w> <w lemma="δέκα">δέκα</w>· τοῦ
<lb xml:id="line_B27" n="B27"/> δὲ <name type="month"><w lemma="Θαργηλιών">Θαργηλιῶνος</w></name> <w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w> τῇ <w lemma="ἕβδομος">ἑβδόμῃ</w> <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θυέ
<lb xml:id="line_B28" n="B28" break="no"/>τω</w></name> ὁ <name type="title"><w lemma="αἰσυμνήτης">αἰσυμνήτης</w></name> τῶι <name type="deity" key="Demos"><w lemma="δῆμος">Δήμῳ</w></name> τῷ <name type="ethnic" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥωμαῖος">Ῥωμαί
<lb xml:id="line_B29" n="B29" break="no"/>ων</w></name> καὶ τῇ <name type="deity" key="Rome"><w lemma="Ῥώμη">Ῥώμῃ</w></name> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερεῖον</w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος">τέλειον</w></name> <name type="animal" key="ox"><w lemma="βοεικός">βοϊκὸν</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_B30" n="B30"/> καὶ <w lemma="δίδωμι">διδότω<surplus>ι</surplus></w> <name type="portion"><w lemma="γέρας">γέρη</w></name> τῶι <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς">ἱερεῖ</w></name> τὰ <name type="authority"><w lemma="διατάσσω">διατεταγμέ
<lb xml:id="line_B31" n="B31" break="no"/>να</w></name>, <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θυέτω<surplus>ι</surplus></w></name> δὲ καὶ τοῦ <name type="month"><w lemma="Μεταγειτνιών">Μεταγειτνιῶνος</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_B32" n="B32"/> τῇ <w lemma="δωδέκατος">δωδεκάτῃ</w> <w lemma="κατά">κατὰ</w> <name type="authority"><w lemma="αὐτός">ταὐτὰ</w></name> καὶ τὰ <name type="portion"><w lemma="γέρας">γέρη</w></name> <w lemma="δίδωμι">δι
<lb xml:id="line_B33" n="B33" break="no"/>δότω<surplus>ι</surplus></w>· <w lemma="ἐάν">ἐὰν</w> δὲ ὁ <name type="deity" key="Apollo"><w lemma="θεός">θεὸς</w></name> <w lemma="πρίαμαι">πρίηται</w> τὴν <name type="title"><w lemma="αἰσυμνητύς">αἰσυ
<lb xml:id="line_B34" n="B34" break="no"/>μνητύν</w></name>, <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θυέτωσαν</w></name> οἱ <name type="title"><w lemma="προσέταιρος">προσέταιροι</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_B35" n="B35"/> τοῦ <name type="deity" key="Apollo"><w lemma="θεός">θεοῦ</w></name> <w lemma="ἐν">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ἑκάτερος">ἑκατέρᾳ</w> <w lemma="ἡμέρα">ἡμέρᾳ</w> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερῆον</w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος">τέ
<lb xml:id="line_B36" n="B36" break="no"/>λειον</w></name> καὶ τὰ <name type="portion"><w lemma="γέρας">γέρη</w></name> <w lemma="δίδωμι">διδότωσαν</w> τῷ <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς">ἱερεῖ</w></name>
<lb xml:id="line_B37" n="B37"/> τὰ <name type="authority"><w lemma="τάσσω">τεταγμένα</w></name>· τοῦ δὲ <w lemma="μείς">μηνὸς</w> τοῦ <name type="month"><w lemma="βοηδρομιών">Βοιη
<lb xml:id="line_B38" n="B38" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">δ</supplied>ρομιῶνος</w></name> τῇ <w lemma="ὀκτωκαιδέκατος">ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ</w> <name type="sacrifice"><w lemma="θύω">θύ
<lb xml:id="line_B39" n="B39" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">έτ</supplied>ωσαν</w></name> οἱ <w lemma="πεντήκοντα">πεντήκοντα</w> <name type="title"><w lemma="ἄρχων">ἄρχοντες</w></name> <name type="animal" key="generic"><w lemma="ἱερεῖον">ἱερῆ
<lb xml:id="line_B40" n="B40" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ον</supplied></w></name> <name type="age"><w lemma="τέλειος"><supplied reason="lost">τέλει</supplied>ον</w></name> <name type="animal" key="swine"><w lemma="ὑϊκός">ὑϊκὸν</w></name> καὶ <w lemma="δίδωμι">διδότωσαν</w> <name type="portion"><w lemma="γέρας">γέρη</w></name> τ<unclear>ῷ</unclear>
<lb xml:id="line_B41" n="B41"/> <name type="personnel"><w lemma="ἱερεύς"><supplied reason="lost">ἱερεῖ</supplied></w></name> <supplied reason="lost">τὰ</supplied> <name type="authority"><w lemma="τάσσω"><supplied reason="lost">τεταγμένα</supplied></w></name> <gap reason="lost" unit="character" extent="unknown"/>
</ab>
</div>
<div type="translation" xml:lang="eng">
<head>Translation</head>
<p>Fragment A</p>
<p>With good fortune, the one who purchases the priesthood of the People of Rome and Rome will directly register with (5) the treasurers and the <foreign>basileis</foreign> as priest a man not younger than twenty years old. The person registered will serve the priesthood for three years and eight months, starting from the month of Metageitnion, (10) when Kratinos is <foreign>stephanophoros</foreign>, or he will provide someone else to serve in his place, in the same terms, after being consecrated to Zeus Telesiourgos, and he will receive each year from the treasurers, on the first day of the month (15) of Taureon, 600 drachmae and will sacrifice to the People of Rome and to Rome on the first day of the month of Taureon an adult animal. On the 11th day (20) of the same month, let the gymnasiarchs entering office sacrifice with the ephebes an adult animal to the People of Rome and to Rome. Likewise (25) let the gymnasiarchs leaving office sacrifice with their former ephebes an [adult] animal, and both (the new and the ex-gymnasiarch, along with their ephebes) are to give [to the priest] the assigned perquisites [...]</p>
<p>Fragment B</p>
<p>[...] and for the other athletic competitive events, by allocating the prizes that are suitable for each one, and by offering as prizes for the consecration no less than three weapons of war, bearing also an inscription (5) of the competitive event, by making the most glorious effort concerning these things, according to the piety of the people towards the divine and the gratitude towards the Romans. The gymnasiarchs of the youth are to be in charge together with the priest and (10) jointly administer (matters), in order that the contests happen in the most conspicuous way. On the 22nd (?) of the same month, let him (the priest) organise a contest in the palaestra of the boys, performing the appropriate <foreign>athlothesia</foreign> for the torch-race and the other (15) competitive events. The <foreign>paidonomoi</foreign> are to jointly be in charge and administer the contest. The consecration of the weapons during the Romaia (20) is to take place for the present time in the gymnasium of the youth and, after the completion of the sanctuary of Rome, in the Roman (gymnasium). Let the priest sacrifice on the first day of each month to the People of Rome and to Rome an adult animal (25), after having taken from the treasurer of the prytany 10 drachmae for the sacrifice. On the 7th of the month of Thargelion, let the <foreign>aisymnetes</foreign> sacrifice to the People of Rome and to Rome an adult bovine sacrificial animal (30) and give to the priest the perquisites which are assigned to him. Let him also sacrifice on the 12nd of Metageitnion according to the same terms and give the perquisites. If the god purchases the office of <foreign>aisymnetes</foreign>, let the companions (35) of the god sacrifice an adult animal on each of the two (aforementioned) occasions and give to the priest the perquisites which are assigned to him. On the 18th of the month of Boedromion, let the fifty archons sacrifice an [adult] swine and give to [the priest the perquisites which are assigned to him ...].</p>
</div>
<div type="translation" xml:lang="fre">
<head>Traduction </head>
<p>Fragment A</p>
<p>À la bonne fortune, l’acheteur de la prêtrise du Peuple romain et de Rome enregistrera sur-le-champ auprès des (5) trésoriers et des <foreign>basileis</foreign> un prêtre âgé d’au moins vingt ans. L’homme inscrit exercera la prêtrise durant trois ans et huit mois à partir du mois de Metageitnion, (10) sous la stéphanéphorie de Kratinos, ou il fournira quelqu’un d’autre pour exercer la prêtrise à sa place selon les mêmes dispositions, une fois consacré à Zeus Telesiourgos, et il prendra chaque année auprès du trésorier, le premier jour du mois (15) de Taureon, 600 drachmes et sacrifiera au Peuple romain et à Rome le premier jour du mois de Taureon un animal adulte. Le 11e jour (20) du même mois, que les gymnasiarques, lors de leur entrée en charge, sacrifient avec les éphèbes un animal adulte au Peuple romain et à Rome. De même, (25) que les gymnasiarques, au sortir de leur charge, sacrifient avec leurs anciens éphèbes un animal [adulte] et que chacun d'eux (ancien et nouveau gymnasiarque, avec leurs éphèbes) donne [au prêtre] les parts d’honneur prescrites.</p>
<p>Fragment B</p>
<p>[...] et pour les autres épreuves athlétiques, en assignant les prix qui conviennent à chacun, en offrant comme prix pour la consécration pas moins de trois armes de guerre, portant aussi l’intitulé (5) de l'épreuve, en faisant preuve du zèle le plus glorieux concernant ces choses, conformément à la piété du peuple envers le divin et à la reconnaissance envers les Romains. Les gymnasiarques des jeunes gens s’en chargeront avec le prêtre et (10) administreront ensemble (ces matières), de manière à ce que les concours se passent de la manière la plus éclatante. Le 22 (?) du même mois, qu’il (le prêtre) organise un concours dans la palestre des garçons, en accomplissant l’athlothésie appropriée pour la course aux flambeaux et les autres (15) épreuves athlétiques. Les paidonomes se chargeront du concours et l’administreront avec lui. La consécration des armes offertes lors des Romaia (20) aura lieu, pour le moment, dans le gymnase des jeunes gens et, après l’achèvement du sanctuaire de Rome, dans celui de Rome. Que le prêtre sacrifie le premier jour de chaque mois au Peuple de Rome et à Rome un animal adulte (25), après avoir pris auprès du trésorier du prytanée 10 drachmes pour le sacrifice. Le 7 du mois de Thargelion, que l’aisymnète sacrifie au Peuple de Rome et à Rome un animal sacrificiel bovin adulte (30) et qu’il donne au prêtre les parts d’honneur qui lui reviennent. Qu’il sacrifie le 12 Metageitnion selon les mêmes dispositions et qu’il donne les parts d’honneur. Dans le cas où le dieu achète le titre d’aisymnète, que les compagnons (35) du dieu sacrifient un animal adulte chacun des deux jours et qu’ils donnent au prêtre les parts d’honneur qui lui reviennent. Le 18 du mois de Boedromion, que les cinquante archontes sacrifient un porc [adulte] et donnent au [prêtre les parts d’honneurs qui lui reviennent].</p>
</div>
<div type="commentary">
<head>Commentary</head>
<p>The document contains a contract for the sale of the priesthood of Rome and the People of Rome (fragment A), as well as other regulations regarding civic sacrifices and the organisation of contests (fragment B). The latter are still closely concerned with the appointed priest (the subject of B, lines 1-8, 12-16, 22-26, later sections concerning the perquisites due to the priest). Therefore, fragment B, though inscribed in a different hand, likely forms a part of the same document or, at least, a closely related dossier. Fragment A lists the required conditions and procedures for the purchase of the priesthood, in a manner similar to other contracts for the sale of a priesthood (lines 1-19; compare <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_249/">CGRN 249</ref>, Miletos). The practice of selling a priesthood is well attested at Miletos, at least since the 4th century BC (cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_39/">CGRN 39</ref>); it was widespread in other cities of the Eastern Aegean. The second part of fragment A regulates the sacrifices accomplished by the gymnasiarchs, when entering or leaving office, and the honorific portions due to the priest (lines 19-28). Fragment B contains two sections : the first part concerns the organization of contests as part of the cult and the giving of prizes (lines 1-22), in which the priest is to play a key role. The second section further regulates the mandatory sacrifices to the people of Rome and Rome, prescribing dates for each sacrifice and, again, providing specifications of the the honorific portions due to the priest (lines 22-40).</p>
<p>The contract along with these regulations was written on one of the pillars at the entrance of a temple. The identity of the temple is probably that of Rome in Miletos, whose pending completion is in fact mentioned in the text (B, line 21; this idea was proposed by Fayer, p. 47). For similar cases of contracts for priesthoods inscribed on the antae of temples in Miletos, see <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_138/">CGRN 138</ref>; <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_249/">CGRN 249</ref>. It is possible, as argued by Beard, North, and Price (II, p. 246), that this document cites or is closely modelled on a decree that first established the cult of Rome, adding to the preexistent sacrificial calendar various honours throughout the year. The institution of cultic honours to Rome during this period corresponds to the establishment of Roman domination on the cities of Asia Minor from 129 BC (after the testament of Attalos III and the subsequent war against Aristonikos; temples or shrines for Rome had already been built across the eastern Mediterranean, notably a temple in Smyrna dedicated in 195 BC, Tac. <title>An.</title> 4.56). In the new province of Asia, many Greek cities maintained their status as autonomous entities, as Miletos did. </p>
<p>Fragment A</p>
<p>Lines 1-3: The cult for which the priesthood is to be purchased is that of the People of Rome joined to the cult of Rome. The goddess Rome or Thea Rome often served as a personification of Roman rule. Her cult is known from the 2nd century BC through the establishment of contests and festivals (Romaia), temples in her honors and priestly offices, as notably appear through the present inscription (for the cult of Rome in Miletos, see Fayer; Beard - North - Price, I, p. 151-160; on the goddess in general, see Mellor). In addition to the cult of the figure of Rome, there were also various cults aligned with it, including honours given to the People of Rome.</p>
<p>Lines 4-12: This section concerns the procedure of purchasing the priesthood and registering the name of the person who will actually serve the gods with the treasurers and the <foreign>basileis</foreign>. The procedure is similar to the one described in other contracts for the sale of priesthood in Miletos: cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_249/">CGRN 249</ref> and <bibl type="abbr" n="Milet I.7">Milet I.7</bibl> 294, for two cases that are directly parallel, involving the registration of a priest of at least twenty years. The registered person can then exercise the function himself or find another person who fulfills the same criteria. Therefore, the registered priest, even if he does not perform the cult, reaps in every case the benefits and perquisites connected to the priesthood. The priesthood is to be acquired for a limited period of time, in the present case for three years and eight months (cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_249/">CGRN 249</ref>, line 12, for further evidence on the duration of the sales of priesthood). The specification "eight months" relates to the fact that the contract was drawn up in Metageitnion of the year of Kratinos (lines 9-10); Metageitnion being the 5th month of the Milesian year, only eight months remained to be served in that year by the new priest (see Trümpy, for a helpful summary on the Milesian calendar). The priesthood is thus not purchased for life, which is more frequent in other cities (cf. e.g. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_37/">CGRN 37</ref>, Chios, line 5; <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_221/">CGRN 221</ref>, Kos, line 16).</p>
<p>Lines 12-13: The cult of Zeus Telesiourgos is restored in a later dedication made by a Milesian in Didyma (<bibl type="abbr" n="I.Didyma">I.Didyma</bibl> 130). Priests of Asklepios who had to be "initiates" of Zeus Telesiourgos are mentioned in another document prescribing the sale of a priesthood in Miletos (<ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_249/">CGRN 249</ref>, lines 13-14). This parallel with the present inscription may indicate that the consecration of priests to that particular figure of Zeus was a recurring or even standard feature of Milesian priesthoods, although there is no other evidence to deepen the matter. Zeus Telesiourgos is probably attested in Thasos (<bibl type="abbr" n="IG XII.Suppl.">IG XII.Suppl.</bibl> 380, where he is accompanied by Athena Ergane; on the form Tedseergos, see Pouilloux, p. 342). Moreover, Athena Telesiourgos is attested in Marathon (<bibl type="abbr" n="IG II²">IG II²</bibl> 4338A). On the τελετή of priests, see <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_175/">CGRN 175</ref> (Priene), line 36.</p>
<p>Lines 13-27: The regulation stipulates different sacrifices of an adult animal to be made to the People of Rome during the month of Taureon, the first month in the Milesian calendar. Taking place at the beginning of the year, a turning point in the political life of Miletos, these rituals are linked to the offices vacated or assumed by civic magistrates (cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_201/">CGRN 201</ref>, line 12, in the case of the <foreign>aisymnetes</foreign>; on this point, see Beard - North - Price, I, p. 159). In addition to a sacrifice on the 1st of the month by the priest, others are to be made by the gymnasiarchs on the 11th of Taureon, whether they are “entering” (line 21) or “leaving” (lines 24-25) that office; in both cases, the gymnasiarchs are accompanied by their associated ephebes (or ex-ephebes) in this role. The contract contains a clause that, in both cases, the "stipulated" (τὰ γεγραμμένα, line 28) perquisites had to be given to the priest; this refers to a specific set of rules which is now missing (either in lost part of the document or the reference may be to a general rule of the type known at Miletos, <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_39/">CGRN 39</ref>).</p>
<p>Fragment B</p>
<p>Lines 1-22: This section concerns regulations about a festival and contest established in honor of Rome, the Romaia, whose name is stated further in the text (line B20). The festival seems to be strongly associated with the gymnasium, as the games were to be organized by the gymnasiarchs together with the <foreign>paidonomoi</foreign> and the appointed priest. Depending on the Milesian count of day, the contest took place on the 22nd/23rd or 28th of the month Taureon. There are some remaining uncertainties regarding the order of the dates of the last decade of the Milesian months (cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_81/">CGRN 81</ref>, Thebes-on-the-Mykale; cf. Samuel, p. 114-115; see also <bibl type="abbr" n="Milet I.3">Milet I.3</bibl> 145, lines 29-30, for an assembly on this day in Artemision). The festival includes a torch-race (see generally <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_147/">CGRN 147</ref>, Kos) as well as other athletic games (lines B14-15). As prizes for the games, weapons were notably to be dedicated (lines B2-5); this consecration was to take place in the gymnasion of the νέοι (distinct from the παιδικὴ παλαίστρα, lines B12-13), pending the completion of the sanctuary of Rome and its associated gymnasion/palaestra (lines B18-22).</p>
<p>Lines 23-33: The last part of this dossier of regulations mentions dates of sacrifices to Rome and the People of Rome, similarly to fragment A (lines 16-24). An adult animal should be sacrificed on the first of each month, as well as during moments which could have represented special occasions for the community of Miletos. A bovine had to be sacrificed on the 7th of Thargelion, the second month of the Milesian calendar, probably on the occasion of the festival of the Thargelia (see the discussion in <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_201/">CGRN 201</ref>, Commentary on lines 18-23). Similarly, it is tempting to suggest that the 12th of Metageitnion, on which a second sacrifice of a bovine had to be made, corresponds to the festival of the Metageitnia. However, the precise date of this festival at Miletos is unknown and it may have taken place on the 7th of the same month instead, as it did in Attica (cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_84/">CGRN 84</ref>, line 89). On both occasions, the <foreign>aisymnetes</foreign>, who served in Miletos as an eponymous official with cultic duties, was involved (see <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_201/">CGRN 201</ref>, for discussion of the eponymous official at Miletos).</p>
<p>Lines 33-41: If no purchaser came forward to acquire the religious office, temple-funds could be used and the god himself (i.e. Apollo or the Demos of Rome?) was said to have purchased the office. The eponymous office was often taken on by the god Apollo himself in Miletos (on civic and religious charges carried out by the god, see Dignas). If that were to happen, in order to guarantee the perquisites for the priest, the "fellow-companions'' (<foreign>proshetairoi</foreign>) were to carry out the sacrifice on the god’s behalf (on this group, cf. <ref target="http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/CGRN_201/">CGRN 201</ref>, lines 1 and 7).</p>
<p>Line 40: The last sacrifice recorded before the lacuna is that of an adult swine, which had to be carried out on the 18th of Boedromion, the sixth month of the Milesian calendar, by the 50 archontes, an apparent Roman innovation in the civic organisation of Miletos (see Beard - North - Price, II, p. 247, n. 10). The occasion is otherwise unknown.</p>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>