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>CGRN 62</
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"sacrificial regulation"
>Sacrificial
regulation</
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> (A), and a later excerpt from the <
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type
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key
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"sacrificial calendar"
>sacrificial calendar</
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> (B) at Lindos</
title
>
<
author
>Jan-Mathieu Carbon</
author
>
<
author
>Saskia Peels</
author
>
<
author
>Vinciane Pirenne-Delforge</
author
></
titleStmt
>
<
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>
<
authority
>Collection of Greek Ritual Norms, F.R.S.-FNRS Project no. 2.4561.12, University of Liège.</
authority
>
<
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>
<
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>Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike International License <
ref
target
=
"http://creativecommons.org/"
type
=
"external"
>4.0</
ref
>.</
p
><
p
>All citation, reuse or distribution of this work must contain somewhere a link back to the DOI (<
idno
type
=
"DOI"
>https://doi.org/10.54510/CGRN62</
idno
>), as well as the year of consultation (see “Home” for details on how to cite or click “Export Citation” to create a reference for this specific file).</
p
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<
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<
head
>Bibliography</
head
>
<
p
>Edition here based on Pugliese Carratelli <
bibl
type
=
"abbr"
n
=
"NSER"
>NSER</
bibl
> 20 a-b (p. 169-170).</
p
>
<
p
>Cf. also: Sokolowski <
bibl
type
=
"abbr"
n
=
"LSS"
>LSS</
bibl
> 88.</
p
>
<
p
>Further bibliography: <
bibl
type
=
"author_date"
n
=
"Segre 1951"
>Segre 1951</
bibl
>;
<
bibl
type
=
"author_date"
n
=
"Badoud 2015"
>Badoud 2015</
bibl
>: 11-35;
<
bibl
type
=
"author_date"
n
=
"Peels 2016"
>Peels 2016</
bibl
>;
<
bibl
type
=
"author_date"
n
=
"Iversen 2017"
>Iversen 2017</
bibl
>: 192-197;
<
bibl
type
=
"author_date"
n
=
"Carbon forthc."
>Carbon forthc.</
bibl
></
p
>
</
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>
<
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<
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>Text</
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<
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subtype
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n
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>Text A <
lb
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<
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"unknown"
unit
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<
lb
xml:id
=
"line_A1"
n
=
"A1"
/><
name
type
=
"deity"
key
=
"Athena"
><
w
lemma
=
"Ἀθήνη"
><
supplied
reason
=
"lost"
>Ἀθάνα</
supplied
>ι</
w
></
name
> <
name
type
=
"epithet"
key
=
"Apotropaia"
><
w
lemma
=
"ἀποτρόπαιος"
>Ἀποτροπαία<
supplied
reason
=
"lost"
>ι</
supplied
></
w
></
name
>
<
lb
xml:id
=
"line_A2"
n
=
"A2"
/><
name
type
=
"animal"
key
=
"sheep"
><
w
lemma
=
"ὄϊς"
><
unclear
>ὄ</
unclear
>ις</
w
></
name
>· <
name
type
=
"sacrifice"
><
w
lemma
=
"θύω"
>θυέτω</
w
></
name
> <
name
type
=
"personnel"
><
w
lemma
=
"ἀρχιεροθυτέω"
>ἀρχιερο
<
lb
xml:id
=
"line_A3"
n
=
"A3"
break
=
"no"
/>θύτας</
w
></
name
>· τὰ <
name
type
=
"sacrifice"
><
w
lemma
=
"θύω"
>θυθέντ<
unclear
>α</
unclear
></
w
></
name
>
<
lb
xml:id
=
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n
=
"A4"
/><
w
lemma
=
"αὐτός"
>αὐτεῖ</
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> <
name
type
=
"meal"
><
w
lemma
=
"καταχράομαι"
>καταχρῆσθαι</
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></
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>·
<
lb
xml:id
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n
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name
type
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><
w
lemma
=
"γυνή"
>γυνα<
unclear
>ι</
unclear
>ξὶ</
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></
name
> <
w
lemma
=
"οὐ"
>οὐχ</
w
> <
name
type
=
"authority"
><
w
lemma
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>ὁσία</
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></
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>. <
space
extent
=
"unknown"
unit
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/> </
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> <
ab
subtype
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>Text B
<
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<
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><
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> <
w
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>τρίται</
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> <
w
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"ἐπί"
>ἐπὶ</
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> <
w
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=
"δέκα"
>δέκα</
w
>·
<
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n
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name
type
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key
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><
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>Ζηνὶ</
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></
name
> <
name
type
=
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key
=
"Apotropaios"
><
w
lemma
=
"ἀποτρόπαιος"
>Ἀποτροπαίω<
unclear
>ι</
unclear
></
w
></
name
> <
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type
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"animal"
key
=
"sheep"
><
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>,
<
lb
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name
type
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key
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"Athena"
><
w
lemma
=
"Ἀθήνη"
>Ἀθάναι</
w
></
name
> <
name
type
=
"epithet"
key
=
"Apotropaia"
><
w
lemma
=
"ἀποτρόπαιος"
>Ἀποτροπαίαι</
w
></
name
> <
name
type
=
"animal"
key
=
"sheep"
><
w
lemma
=
"ὄϊς"
>ὄις</
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></
name
>·
<
lb
xml:id
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n
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name
type
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><
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></
name
> <
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type
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><
w
lemma
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"ἀρχιεροθυτέω"
>ἀρχιεροθύτας</
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></
name
>· τὰ <
name
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=
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><
w
lemma
=
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>θυ
<
lb
xml:id
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n
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break
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w
lemma
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>αὐτεῖ</
w
> <
name
type
=
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><
w
lemma
=
"καταχράομαι"
>καταχρεῖσθα<
supplied
reason
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"lost"
>ι</
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></
w
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name
>·
<
lb
xml:id
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name
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w
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name
> <
w
lemma
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"οὐ"
>οὐκ</
w
> <
name
type
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><
w
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>ὀσία</
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></
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space
extent
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"unknown"
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/>
<
lb
/><
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=
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</
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<
div
type
=
"translation"
xml:lang
=
"eng"
>
<
head
>Translation</
head
>
<
p
>Text A</
p
>
<
p
>To Athena Apotropaia, a sheep. Let the <
foreign
>archierothytes</
foreign
> sacrifice it. What has been sacrificed is consumed on the spot. (5) Not religiously permitted to women. </
p
>
<
p
>Text B</
p
>
<
p
>On the 13th of Sminthios: to Zeus Apotropaios, a ram; to Athena Apotropaia, a sheep. The <
foreign
>archierothytes</
foreign
> sacrifices it. What has been (5) sacrificed is consumed on the spot. Not religiously permitted to women.</
p
>
</
div
>
<
div
type
=
"translation"
xml:lang
=
"fre"
>
<
head
>Traduction</
head
>
<
p
> Texte A</
p
>
<
p
>À Athéna Apotropaia, un mouton. Que l'archiérothyte sacrifie. Les parts sacrificielles sont consommées sur place. (5) Non religieusement permis pour les femmes. </
p
>
<
p
>Texte B</
p
>
<
p
>Le 13 Sminthios : à Zeus Apotropaios, un bélier; à Athéna Apotropaia, un mouton. L'archiérothyte sacrifie. Les parts (5) sacrificielles sont consommées sur place. Non religieusement permis pour les femmes.</
p
>
</
div
>
<
div
type
=
"commentary"
>
<
head
>Commentary</
head
>
<
p
>This document is bipartite: the first, earlier regulation (A) is not preceded by a date and codifies the performance of sacrifices to Athena Apotropaia, presumably in her sanctuary; the second, later text (B) closely parallels or retranscribes the first, notably adding the date of the sacrifice to Athena and an offering to Zeus Apotropaios preceding it. In its form, the second text closely resembles excerpts from the sacrificial calendar of Rhodes or Lindos already around ca. 400 BC (see <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_63"
>CGRN 63</
ref
>), as well as in the Hellenistic period across the wider territory of Lindos and at Kamiros (cf. e.g. <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_109"
>CGRN 109</
ref
>). As with these other documents, it consists of a single dated sacrifice (there are sometimes more), which was inscribed presumably as a punctual reminder and at the relevant cult-site; for these texts, see Segre, and Carbon for further discussion. Here, however, the recopying and supplementing of text A as text B poses several interesting questions about the context of the regulations: was the first inscription (text A) anterior to a recodification of the sacrificial calendar of Rhodes or of Lindos itself after the synoikism in ca. 408 BC, and the resulting dissemination of small excerpts from one of these calendars throughout the island? Possibly: the date of the sacrifice to Athena may have been well known and was therefore not mentioned in the first copy of the text. But why was Zeus Apotropaios then added to the dated sacrifice on the 13th of Sminthios? Was this because it reflected more exhaustively what was found in the sacrificial calendar or is it because Zeus Apotropaios had in the interim found a place in the cult of Athena? These are several contextual enigmas which remain to be elucidated.</
p
>
<
p
>In the reconstruction of the Rhodian calendar refined by Badoud and generally adopted here (for a different view, see Iversen), Sminthios was the eighth month (ca. March/April). The cult of Zeus Apotropaios and Athena Apotropaia, whose function was presumably to "turn evil away", is not otherwise known on Rhodes and the findspot within Lindos itself remains to be more adequately defined; presumably the stele was set up in the sanctuary of Athena Apotropaia, or both gods if they shared a sanctuary in the later period. The two gods are also paired in the list of sales of priesthoods from Erythrai, <
bibl
type
=
"abbr"
n
=
"LSAM"
>LSAM</
bibl
> 25; Zeus Apotropaios is found in the company of Zeus Meilichios, Artemis Prothyraia and Ge in the context of the preliminary sacrifices offered at the Asklepieion of Pergamon (<
bibl
type
=
"abbr"
n
=
"IvP III"
>IvP III</
bibl
> 161 A-B, 2nd century AD).</
p
>
<
p
>Lines A3-4 and B4-5: For sacrifices where the meat consumed "on the spot", cf. other excerpts from the sacrificial calendar of Rhodes, particularly <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_117"
>CGRN 117</
ref
>, lines 6-7 from Lindos. The wording is the positive expression of "no take-away" elsewhere: see e.g. <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_52"
>CGRN 52</
ref
> (Erchia), <
foreign
>passim</
foreign
>, and <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_32"
>CGRN 32</
ref
> (Thorikos), with Commentary to lines 10-12.</
p
>
<
p
>Lines A5 and B6: On the interdiction of women in cults, cf. esp. here <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_33"
>CGRN 33</
ref
> (Elateia) for further discussion; cp. also the Lindian <
ref
target
=
"CGRN_63"
>CGRN 63</
ref
>. On the semantics and usage of ἡ ὁσία, cf. Peels.</
p
>
</
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